Men, age >= 18 years, diagnosed within 120 days prior to registration with prostate cancer for whom definitive surgical treatment is indicated
* Note: Patients previously diagnosed with prostate cancer for which surgery is not indicated may be enrolled if they undergo a repeat biopsy (within 120 days prior to registration and for reasons including, but not limited to, discordant biopsy results) that indicates definitive treatment with surgery

Confirmation of payment, insurance pre-authorization, or Medicare for mpMRI

Not suitable to undergo MRI or receive gadolinium-based contrast agent (severe, untreatable claustrophobia; MRI-incompatible metallic objects or implanted medical devices; renal failure; weight greater than allowable by scanner per institutional standard practice)

Prior surgical and/or non-surgical treatment for prostate cancer

Prior hip replacement or other major pelvic surgery

Unable to obtain confirmation of payment, insurance pre-authorization, or Medicare for mpMRI

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To estimate the diagnostic performance of overall prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) score based on local site imaging review of multiparametric (mp) MRI (T2 weighted [2W], diffusion weighted imaging [DWI] and dynamic contrast-enhanced [DCE]) to detect clinically significant prostate cancer.
II. To develop and evaluate a risk prediction model by incorporating overall PI-RADS, PSA, Gleason score and clinical stage to predict the presence of clinically significant prostate cancer.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the individual PI-RADS score of each MRI parameter (T2W, DWI and DCE), as determined by local imaging review.
II. Estimate the diagnostic performance of PI-RADS version (v)2.1 for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer among Black or African Americans participants.

EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVE:
I. All clinical data including magnetic resonance (MR) images will be banked for future exploratory research aims.

EXPLORATORY TOBACCO USE OBJECTIVES:
I. To determine the effects of tobacco, operationalized as combustible tobacco (1a), other forms of tobacco (1b), and environmental tobacco exposure (ETS) (1c) on provider-reported cancer-treatment toxicity (adverse events [both clinical and hematologic]) and dose modifications.
II. To determine the effects of tobacco on patient-reported physical symptoms and psychological symptoms.
III. To examine quitting behaviors and behavioral counseling/ support and cessation medication utilization.
IV. To explore the effect of tobacco use and exposure on treatment duration, relative dose intensity, and therapeutic benefit.

OUTLINE:
Patients undergo mpMRI within 3 months prior to scheduled surgery.

After completion of study, patients are followed up until radical prostatectomy pathology is reported and finalized.