ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 0: Patient must be considered a potential candidate for the trial
* NOTE: Enrollment to Step 0 may occur prior to or following completion of the assessments to verify patient eligibility for Step 1 registration; bone marrow and/or peripheral blood specimens collected during Step 0 or prior to treatment on Step 1 must be submitted for central review in order for the patient to be considered evaluable; results will not be reported to the site and will not impact patient participation in the trial

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients must have a diagnosis of:
* Relapsed or refractory B-cell or T-cell ALL after multi-agent chemotherapy
* Patients with < 5% blasts may enroll on trial in phase I portion provided that minimal residual disease (MRD) is present at > 10^-3 as tested on an assay with minimum sensitivity of 10^-4 OR
* Relapsed lymphoblastic lymphoma

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C): Age >= 18 years

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-2

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Adequate liver function with aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) less than 3 x upper limit of normal and total bilirubin less than 2 mg/dL within 10 days prior to first dose of study agent

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Circulating white blood cell (WBC) count must not be above 25 x 10^9/L at the time of registration
* Patients with WBC count above 25 x 10^9/L are eligible if they have started steroids or hydroxyurea per institutional guidelines

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of at least 40 mL/min within 7 days prior to first dose of study agent

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients of childbearing potential must not be pregnant or breast-feeding due to risk of fetal harm by the chemotherapeutic agents prescribed in this protocol

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: All patients of childbearing potential must have a blood test or urine study with a minimum sensitivity 25 IU/L or equivalent units of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) within 2 weeks prior to registration to rule out pregnancy
* A patient of childbearing potential is defined as anyone, regardless of sexual orientation or whether they have undergone tubal ligation, who meets the following criteria: 1) has achieved menarche at some point, 2) has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or 3) has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 24 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 24 consecutive months)

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients must not expect to conceive or father children by using accepted and highly effective method(s) of contraception or by abstaining from sexual intercourse for the duration of their participation in the study and for 30 days after the last dose of venetoclax
* Should a patient or a partner of a patient become pregnant or suspect they are pregnant while participating in the study, the treating physician should be notified immediately

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: No evidence of prior solid malignancy except adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer, in situ cervical carcinoma, or any surgically- or radiation-cured malignancy continuously disease free for >= 2 years so as not to interfere with interpretation of radiographic response

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients with isolated testicular or central nervous system (CNS) relapsed disease are not eligible

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients must not have Burkitt’s lymphoma/leukemia based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients must not have active central nervous system (CNS) leukemia, as defined by unequivocal morphologic evidence of lymphoblasts in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or the use of CNS-directed local treatment for active disease within the prior 28 days; prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy is allowed; previously treated CNS disease with documented clearance of the CSF will be allowed

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients will not be enrolled if they received prior chemotherapy within 2 weeks before registration to step 1 with the following exceptions: to reduce the circulating lymphoblast count or palliation or for ALL maintenance (mercaptopurine, methotrexate, vincristine, thioguanine, and/or tyrosine kinase inhibitors)

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients may be enrolled with a prior allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) but the transplant date must be at least 90 days before date of registration to step 1; patient must be off immunosuppression and without active graft versus host disease (GVHD) prior to registration to step 1 if previous HSCT

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients cannot have poorly controlled chronic viral infections including hepatitis B, C, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); HIV positive patients are allowed on this study if they have a CD4 count >= 400, and are on a stable antiviral regimen

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV heart failure, uncontrolled angina, severe uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias, or electrocardiographic evidence of acute ischemia may not be enrolled

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients with serious medical or psychiatric illness that in the opinion of the primary investigator is likely to interfere with study participation may not be enrolled

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients must not be taking any other experimental medications within 21 days prior to registration. Clinical trial medications that are Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved will be allowed within 14 days prior to registration

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients should not have received the following within 7 days prior to the first dose of study drug:
* Strong and moderate CYP3A inhibitors;
* Strong and moderate CYP3A inducers

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE I (ARMS A, B, C) - STEP 1: Patients must not have grade 3 or higher peripheral neuropathy or history of grade 3 or higher peripheral neuropathy. Patients with familial demyelinating disease like Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease are also excluded

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 0: Patient must be considered a potential candidate for the trial
* NOTE: Enrollment to Step 0 may occur prior to or following completion of the assessments to verify patient eligibility for Step 1 registration

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Relapsed or refractory B-cell or T-cell ALL, including lymphoblastic lymphoma, after at least one line of chemotherapy

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients with prior venetoclax treatment for ALL will be excluded

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Age >= 18 years

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: ECOG performance status 0-2

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Adequate liver function with AST/ALT less than 3 x upper limit of normal and total bilirubin less than 2 mg/dL within 10 days prior to first dose of study agent

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Circulating WBC count must not be above 25 x 10^9/L at the time of registration to step 1
* Patients with WBC count above 25 x 10^9/L are eligible if they have started steroids or hydroxyurea per institutional guidelines

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: GFR of at least 40 mL/min within 7 days prior to first dose of study agent

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients must not be pregnant or breast-feeding due to risk of fetal harm by the chemotherapeutic agents prescribed in this protocol

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: All patients of childbearing potential must have a blood test or urine study with a minimum sensitivity 25 IU/L or equivalent units of HCG within 2 weeks prior to registration to rule out pregnancy. 
* A patient of childbearing potential is defined as anyone, regardless of sexual orientation or whether they have undergone tubal ligation, who meets the following criteria: 1) has achieved menarche at some point, 2) has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy; or 3) has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 24 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 24 consecutive months)

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients must not expect to conceive or father children by using accepted and highly effective method(s) of contraception or by abstaining from sexual intercourse for the duration of their participation in the study and for 30 days after the last dose of venetoclax
* Should a patient or partner of a patient become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study, the treating physician should be informed immediately

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: No evidence of prior malignancy except adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer, in situ cervical or breast carcinoma, or chemotherapy-surgically- or radiation-cured malignancy continuously disease free for >= 2 years

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients with isolated testicular or CNS relapsed disease are not eligible

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients must not have Burkitt’s lymphoma/leukemia based on the WHO criteria

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients must not have active central nervous system (CNS) leukemia, as defined by unequivocal morphologic evidence of lymphoblasts in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or the use of CNS-directed local treatment for active disease within the prior 28 days; prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy is allowed; previously treated CNS disease with documented clearance of the CSF will be allowed and once cleared, prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy can be continued

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patient will not be enrolled if they received prior chemotherapy within 2 weeks before enrollment with the following exceptions: to reduce the circulating lymphoblast count or palliation (i.e., steroids or hydroxyurea), for ALL maintenance (mercaptopurine, methotrexate, vincristine, thioguanine, and/or tyrosine kinase inhibitors)

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients may be enrolled with a prior allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) but the transplant date must be at least 90 days before date of enrollment; patient must be off immunosuppression and without active GVHD prior to enrollment if previous HSCT. Low-dose steroids (10mg or less) are allowed

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients cannot have poorly controlled chronic viral infections including hepatitis B, C, or HIV; HIV positive patients with undetectable viral load are allowed

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients with NYHA class III or IV heart failure, uncontrolled angina, severe uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias, or electrocardiographic evidence of acute ischemia may not be enrolled

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients with serious medical or psychiatric illness that in the opinion of the primary investigator is likely to interfere with study participation may not be enrolled

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients must not be participating in any other clinical trial or taking any other experimental medications within 21 days prior to registration

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients must not have received the following within 7 days prior to the first dose of study drug or while on study treatment:
* Strong and moderate CYP3A inhibitors;
* Strong and moderate CYP3A inducers

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA - PHASE II (ARM D) - STEP 1: Patients must not have grade 3 or higher peripheral neuropathy or history of grade 3 peripheral neuropathy; patients with familial demyelinating diseases like Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease also excluded

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To determine the maximum tolerated dose of venetoclax in combination with vincristine liposomal (liposomal vincristine)/vincristine sulfate in patients with relapsed or refractory T-cell and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). (Phase I)
II. Safety assessment and toxicity characterization after treatment of venetoclax in combination with liposomal vincristine in patients with relapsed or refractory T-cell and B-cell ALL. (Phase I)
III. To determine the preliminary efficacy of venetoclax in combination with liposomal vincristine/vincristine sulfate to induce complete remission (CR)+ incomplete complete remission (CRi) in patients with relapsed or refractory T-cell and B-cell ALL. (Phase II)

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To determine the progression free survival, overall survival and toxicity after the combination treatment in patients with relapsed or refractory T-cell and B-cell ALL. (Phase II)
II. To determine the rate of minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity rate of the combination. (Phase II)

EXPLORATORY/CORRELATIVE OBJECTIVES:
I. To determine if genetic signature as determined by next generation sequencing can predict response to combination. (Phase II)
II. To determine if immunophenotype of ALL is associated with response to combination. (Phase II)
III. To determine if the BH3 profile is associated with response to combination. (Phase II)
IV. To determine if relative expression of BCL-2 measure by flow cytometry is associated with response to combination. (Phase II)

OUTLINE: This is a phase Ib, dose-escalation study of venetoclax followed by a phase II study. 

PHASE Ib: Patients receive venetoclax orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-42 of cycle 1 and days 43-70 of cycle 2. Patients also receive vincristine liposomal intravenously (IV) over 1 hour weekly for 4 weeks starting on day 15 of cycle 1. Patients who achieve at least a stable disease response may continue treating at the discretion of the treating physician in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo blood sample collection throughout the trial. Patients may also undergo computed tomography (CT) and/or positron emission tomography (PET) scan as well as a lumbar puncture as clinically indicated.

PHASE II: Patients receive venetoclax PO QD on days 1-28 of each cycle. Patients also receive vincristine liposomal IV over 1 hour weekly for 4 weeks on day 1 of each cycle or vincristine sulfate IV weekly on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycle 1 and once every 4 weeks on day 1 of each subsequent cycle. Cycles repeat every 28 days. Patients who achieve at least a stable disease response may continue treating at the discretion of the treating physician in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo blood sample collection throughout the trial. Patients may also undergo CT and/or PET scan as well as a lumbar puncture as clinically indicated.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 6 months for 5 years.